孕妇吃玉米，对胎儿的大脑发育益处很大。
玉米中含蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、维生素和矿物质都比较丰富。它特有的胶质蛋白占30%，球蛋白和白蛋白占20%-22%。由于玉米中含有维生素A，这对人的智力、视力都有好处。
玉米脂肪中的维生素较多，对防止细胞氧化、衰老有益处，从而有益于智力。玉米中粗纤维较多，食后可宽肠，有利于消除便秘，有利于肠的健康，也间接有利于智力功能的开发。有一种甜玉米，蛋白质的氨基酸组成中以健脑的天冬氨酸、谷氨酸含量较高；脂肪中的脂肪酸主要是亚油酸、油酸等不饱和脂肪酸，这些营养物质都对智力发展有利。所以，孕应适当在饮食中补充玉米，以利胎儿健脑。
孕期多吃鱼对胎儿大脑发育有益
Three-year-oldswhosemothersatemorefishwhilepregnantwiththemscorebetteronseveraltestsofcognitivefunctionthantheirpeerswhosemothersavoidedseafood,anewstudyshows.
However,theresearchersalsofoundthattheamountofmercuryinawoman'sbodyrosewiththeamountoffishshehadconsumed--andthatchildrenexposedtomoremercuryperformedworseonthesetests.Basedonthefindings,theysay,it'spossiblefishcouldhaveevengreaterbrainbenefitsforbabiesifmothers-to-beconsumedseafoodwithlowermercurylevels.
"Recommendationsforfishconsumptionduringpregnancyshouldtakeintoaccountthenutritionalbenefitsoffishaswellasthepotentialharmsfrommercuryexposure,"Dr.EmilyOkenofHarvardMedicalSchoolinBostonandhercolleagueswriteintheMay15issueoftheAmericanJournalofEpidemiology.
Advisoriesonmercurycontaminationofcertaintypesoflarge,long-livedfish--includingtunaandswordfish--haveraisedconcernsaboutseafoodconsumptionduringpregnancy,Okenandherteamnote.Ontheotherhand,fisharealsothechiefdietarysourceofomega-3fattyacids,substanceskeytoearlybraindevelopment,theyadd.
Tobetterunderstandtherisksandbenefitsoffishconsumption,Okenandherteamsurveyed341mothersabouttheirintakeoffishduringthesecondtrimesterofpregnancy,andthenhadtheirchildrencompleteabatteryoftestsofcognitivefunctionat3yearsofage.
Onaverage,womenreportedeating1.5servingsoffisheachweekwhiletheywerepregnant.Theamountofmercurythewomenhadintheirredbloodcellswasdirectlyrelatedtotheamountoffishtheyate.Children'stestscoresrosewiththeamountoffishtheirmothershadconsumed,butthosewhosemothershadmoremercuryintheirbodiesperformedlesswellonthetests.
Accountingfortheeffectsofmercuryexposurestrengthenedtheeffectoffishintake,andviceversa,theresearchersfound.Benefitswerestrongestforchildrenwhosemothersatemorethantwoservingsaweek.
"Ourfindingthatthebenefitoffishintakeisstrengthenedwithadjustmentformercurylevelssuggeststhatifmercurycontaminationwerenotpresent,thecognitivebenefitsoffishwouldbegreater,"Okenandherteamexplain."Maternalconsumptionoffishlowerinmercuryandreducedenvironmentalmercurycontaminationwouldallowforstrongerbenefitsoffishintake."
SOURCE:AmericanJournalofEpidemiology,May15,2008.
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